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Marine & Station Keeping

DP Control Systems

DP Control Systems are the computers that read position references and sensors and command the thrusters to hold position and heading. The Category covers DP controllers in single, dual and triple redundant forms, operator stations, back-up DP stations, independent joystick systems, DP networks and the spare cards, power supplies and switches that keep them running.

What the controller does

The controller filters position and heading from several references, compares them with the set point and calculates the force needed in surge, sway and yaw. A thrust allocation routine splits that force across the available thrusters. A mathematical model of the hull, tuned on the rig, predicts motion and holds position in dead reckoning when references drop out. Consequence analysis runs continuously in Class 2 and Class 3 modes and warns when the worst-case failure would leave too little thrust.

Configurations

ConfigurationTypical classWhat it adds
Single controllerClass 1One computer, with an independent joystick as back-up
Dual redundantClass 2Two controllers with automatic changeover
Triple redundantClass 2 or 3Two-out-of-three voting between controllers
Back-up DP stationClass 3Separate controller in another fire subdivision

Kongsberg K-Pos is widely fitted on drilling units, and systems from the Converteam line (later GE) and from Marine Technologies are also in service. Many rigs integrate DP with the vessel management and power management systems on one network.

Key specifications

ParameterWhy it mattersTypical classes or units
Redundancy levelMust match the notationSingle, dual, triple, plus back-up
Software releaseDecides spare compatibility and supportOEM version number
Type approvalClass acceptance of the productDNV, ABS or other certificate
Thruster and sensor interfacesMust match installed equipmentHardwired I/O, serial, fieldbus
NetworkCarries commands and feedbackDual redundant Ethernet on newer systems
Operator stationsCount and locationBridge, back-up room

Standards and what they ask of a used system

A used controller is configured for its source rig. On your rig it needs a new hull model, thruster layout, alarm limits and consequence analysis set-up, followed by FMEA tests and DP proving trials.

Failure modes and inspection

Documentation

Integration

Match the controller's interfaces to your thrusters' command and feedback signals, to the power management system for blackout prevention and load limiting, and to references and sensors. A DP network that also carries vessel automation needs the same switch generation. Check the uninterruptible power supply arrangement, since class expects each controller to ride through a power failure on battery.

Spares, upgrades and refurbishment

Most used purchases here are spares. Cards, power supplies, switches and operator stations from a decommissioned sister rig can keep an older system running for years. Moving a complete used system to another rig costs close to a new installation in engineering, OEM attendance and trials. A refurbished system from the OEM, with new storage media and fans and a current release, suits an upgrade. Inputs come from DP Position Reference Systems, and the commands go to Thrusters and Propellers.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Can a used DP control system be moved to another rig?

Yes, but the OEM must reconfigure it for the new hull and class must witness the result. That means a new vessel model, thruster layout and alarm limits, followed by FMEA tests and DP proving trials. Confirm licence transfer and OEM support for the software release first.

What is the difference between a DP2 and a DP3 control system?

A DP3 control system adds a back-up DP controller in a separate fire subdivision, while a DP2 system uses dual or triple redundant controllers in one space. The back-up station takes over if fire or flooding disables the main DP room. Its own references and sensors must also be separated.

Where do spares for an obsolete DP controller come from?

Decommissioned and cold-stacked sister rigs are the main source of cards, power supplies and operator stations for discontinued DP systems. Match every part number and hardware revision to your installed system, and check firmware levels. Test each spare in a rig or OEM test bench before relying on it.

Does a DP software licence transfer with used hardware?

Not automatically, because some OEMs license the software to a named vessel. Ask the Seller for the licence terms and ask the OEM how a transfer works and what it costs. Without a valid licence, the hardware may only be usable as spare parts.

What tests does class witness after a DP controller change?

Class witnesses tests from the FMEA proving programme, covering controller changeover, network and power failures, and the worst-case failure. Full DP trials then show the system holds position with each redundancy group. The scope grows if the replacement changes the redundancy concept.

Looking for DP control systems?

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